Personality Scales for Intelligent Adults - Statistics of True scale

© Paul Cooijmans

Introduction

These statistics are from the version of the PSIA that was in use from 2003 to 2007, and was highly similar to the later Revision 2007. The scores are t-scores (mean = 50, σ = 10) normed on an earlier group (partly overlapping this one) so this group may not have an exact mean and σ of 50 and 10. An explanation of the scale can be found through the test's order page.

Explanatory and analytical remarks regarding the interpretation of the statistics are purposely largely avoided, so it is up to the reader to study the report carefully and thus obtain a clear impression of the test's validity — that is, "what it measures". Although the statistics sometimes reveal an almost chilling discriminative power, experience shows that explicitly observing that in a remark tends to evoke negative responses in persons who recognize themselves ("Your remark betrays that your are biased! The test only measures your personal biases!", et cetera).

Scores on PSIA True as of 18 February 2023

Contents type: Personality test other than for mental ability.   Period: 2003-2007

33 **
34 *
35 ***
36 **
37 *
38 ******
39 **
40 *****
41 *****
42 **************
43 **********
44 ******
45 ***************
46 **********
47 **********
48 ********
49 **************
50 ****************
51 *******
52 **************
53 *****************
54 ****************
55 ***********
56 ****************
57 *************
58 *******
59 ******
60 *******
61 ********
62 *****
63 ******
64 ***
65 *********
66 ******
67 **
68 **
69 ***
72 *
73 ***
74 *
76 *
82 *

Scores by males

n = 238

33 *
34 *
35 ***
36 **
37 *
38 *****
40 ****
41 *****
42 **********
43 ********
44 ****
45 ***************
46 **********
47 *********
48 *******
49 ************
50 ************
51 *****
52 *********
53 ************
54 ************
55 *********
56 **************
57 **********
58 ****
59 *****
60 ******
61 ********
62 ****
63 ****
64 ***
65 *******
66 *****
67 *
68 **
69 ***
73 ***
74 *
76 *
82 *

Scores by females

n = 57

33 *
38 *
39 **
40 *
42 ****
43 **
44 **
47 *
48 *
49 **
50 ****
51 **
52 *****
53 *****
54 ****
55 **
56 **
57 ***
58 ***
59 *
60 *
62 *
63 **
65 **
66 *
67 *
72 *

Correlation of PSIA True with other mental ability tests

Test name n r
Problems In Gentle Slopes of the second degree40.87
The Marathon Test40.81
Words40.80
The Bonsai Test - Revision 201650.76
Chimera High Ability Riddle Test (Bill Bultas)40.75
Numbers160.72
Odds70.69
Cito-toets50.67
Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (raw)80.66
Numerical section of The Marathon Test60.65
Numerical and spatial sections of The Marathon Test60.63
916 Test (Laurent Dubois)50.62
Spatial section of The Marathon Test60.57
Reflections In Peroxide40.57
Qoymans Automatic Test #350.48
Cooijmans Intelligence Test - Form 170.48
Numerical Insight Test80.47
Reason - Revision 200860.41
Cooijmans On-Line Test60.41
Narcissus' last stand40.40
Reason Behind Multiple-Choice - Revision 200860.39
Verbal section of The Marathon Test40.38
Tests by Greg Grove (aggregate)140.38
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales120.38
Long Test For Genius90.37
Short Test For Genius40.36
Scholastic Aptitude Test (new)40.36
Genius Association Test290.36
Problems In Gentle Slopes of the third degree50.35
Daedalus Test40.32
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #560.31
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #3250.28
The Final Test220.27
Analogies of Long Test For Genius130.23
KIT Intelligence Test - first attempts90.21
Evens40.19
Mega Test (Ronald K. Hoeflin)40.19
Cooijmans Intelligence Test - Form 2200.18
Cooijmans On-Line Test - Two-barrelled version40.15
Letters40.13
Sigma Test (Melão Hindemburg)100.13
Reason Behind Multiple-Choice110.13
Non-Verbal Cognitive Performance Examination (Xavier Jouve)200.08
Cooijmans Intelligence Test - Form 390.07
Unknown and miscellaneous tests570.05
The Test To End All Tests160.04
Strict Logic Sequences Exam I (Jonathan Wai)200.03
Titan Test (Ronald K. Hoeflin)80.03
International High IQ Society tests (aggregate)220.02
Reason130.02
Spatial section of Test For Genius - Revision 2004260.02
Scholastic Aptitude Test (old)80.01
Associative LIMIT70.01
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #17-0.00
Space, Time, and Hyperspace23-0.03
Epiq Tests (aggregate)7-0.04
Lieshout International Mesospheric Intelligence Test17-0.04
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #26-0.04
Cartoons of Shock8-0.06
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #491-0.06
Spatial Insight Test14-0.07
American College Testing program7-0.11
European I.Q. Test6-0.11
Strict Logic Spatial Exam 48 (Jonathan Wai)4-0.12
Cattell Culture Fair12-0.12
Logima Strictica 36 (Robert Lato)16-0.14
Qoymans Automatic Test #24-0.14
Test For Genius - Revision 200426-0.15
Isis Test13-0.16
Association subtest of Long Test For Genius14-0.22
Cooijmans Intelligence Test - Form 44-0.25
Test of Shock and Awe9-0.26
Test of the Beheaded Man9-0.26
Culture Fair Numerical Spatial Examination - Final version (Etienne Forsström)12-0.26
Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (I.Q.)6-0.28
Test of Inductive Reasoning / J.C.T.I. (Xavier Jouve)8-0.35
The Sargasso Test11-0.38
Verbal section of Test For Genius - Revision 200426-0.41
Psychometric Qrosswords5-0.43
Graduate Record Examination5-0.51
The Nemesis Test8-0.56
Qoymans Automatic Test #14-0.59
Bonsai Test6-0.64
Tests by Nicolas Elenas (aggregate)6-0.66
W-87 (International Society for Philosophical Enquiry)7-0.66

Weighted average of correlations: 0.072 (N = 950)

Estimated g factor loading: 0.27

Ranking in above table is based on the unrounded correlations. All available data is present in this table, no tests are left out except for those with less than 4 score pairs. All known pairs are used, including possible floor/ceiling scores or outliers.

Correlation of PSIA True with other tests - for females

Test name n r
(80) Qoymans Multiple-Choice #411-0.10
(242) Unknown and miscellaneous tests4-0.19

Weighted average of correlations: -0.125 (N = 15)

Estimated g factor loading among females: -0.35

Ranking in above table is based on the unrounded correlations. All available data is present in this table, no tests are left out except for those with less than 4 score pairs. All known pairs are used, including possible floor/ceiling scores or outliers.

Estimated loadings of PSIA True on particular item types

These are estimated g factor loadings, but against homogeneous tests (containing only particular item types) as opposed to non-compound heterogeneous tests. Although tending to surprise the lay person, it is not uncommon for tests to have high loadings on item types they do not actually contain themselves. Such loadings reflect the empirical fact that most tests for mental abilities measure primarily g, regardless of their contents; that the major part of test score variance is caused by g, and only a minor part by factors germane to particular item types. It is of key importance to understand that this is a fact of nature, a natural phenomenon, and not something that was built into the tests by the test constructors.

Typeng loading of PSIA True on that type
Verbal2760.24
Numerical610.65
Spatial900.11
Logical370.31
Heterogeneous1980.18

N = 662

Compound tests have been left out of this table to avoid overlap.

Balanced g loading = 0.30

National means for PSIA True

Country n mean score
Mexico365.67
Turkey460.75
Canada954.78
Spain653.83
Italy353.67
Korea_South353.33
United_States9852.95
Sweden1752.18
United_Kingdom1352.08
China352.00
Belgium851.88
Yugoslavia551.60
Finland551.40
Netherlands3451.29
Brazil750.71
India1250.33
Australia650.00
Germany1249.83
Israel449.50
South_Africa449.00
Norway548.40
Poland348.00

For reasons of privacy, only countries with 3 or more candidates are included in this table. Ranking is based on the unrounded means, and then alphabetic.

Correlation with national I.Q.'s of PSIA True

Correlation of this test with national average I.Q.'s published by Lynn and Vanhanen:

Correlation of PSIA True with personal details

Personalia n r
PSIA Ethics factor2950.86
Observed behaviour190.59
PSIA System factor470.37
PSIA Extreme2950.33
Observed associative horizon100.32
PSIA Orderly2950.25
PSIA Deviance factor2950.22
PSIA Rare2950.18
PSIA Aspergoid2950.16
Gifted Adult's Inventory of Aspergerisms180.11
PSIA Introverted2950.10
Disorders (own)2920.07
PSIA Rational2950.07
Educational level2920.02
Disorders (parents and siblings)2910.01
Sex2950.00
PSIA Just295-0.03
PSIA Neurotic295-0.05
Mother's educational level279-0.07
PSIA Cold295-0.07
Father's educational level277-0.12
PSIA Antisocial295-0.13
Year of birth292-0.15
Cooijmans Inventory of Neo-Marxist Attitudes9-0.24
PSIA Cruel295-0.36

Correlation with personal details of PSIA True - within females

Personalia n r
PSIA Ethics factor570.83
Disorders (own)550.32
PSIA Extreme570.25
PSIA Deviance factor570.23
PSIA Rare570.21
Disorders (parents and siblings)540.20
PSIA Orderly570.20
PSIA Aspergoid570.19
PSIA Introverted570.12
PSIA Neurotic570.09
PSIA System factor100.02
PSIA Just57-0.02
PSIA Antisocial57-0.17
Year of birth55-0.18
PSIA Rational57-0.18
PSIA Cold57-0.20
Educational level55-0.20
Father's educational level47-0.28
Mother's educational level47-0.28
PSIA Cruel57-0.31

Correlation with personal details of PSIA True - within males

Personalia n r
PSIA Ethics factor2380.86
Observed behaviour180.63
PSIA System factor370.44
PSIA Extreme2380.35
PSIA Orderly2380.26
Observed associative horizon90.23
PSIA Deviance factor2380.21
PSIA Rare2380.17
PSIA Aspergoid2380.15
PSIA Rational2380.13
PSIA Introverted2380.10
Educational level2370.07
Gifted Adult's Inventory of Aspergerisms150.05
Disorders (own)2370.02
PSIA Just238-0.03
Mother's educational level232-0.03
Disorders (parents and siblings)237-0.03
PSIA Cold238-0.05
PSIA Neurotic238-0.08
Father's educational level230-0.09
PSIA Antisocial238-0.12
Year of birth237-0.14
PSIA Cruel238-0.37
Cooijmans Inventory of Neo-Marxist Attitudes8-0.50

Estimated g factor loadings for restricted ranges

In parentheses the number of score pairs on which that estimated g factor loading is based. The goal of this is to verify the hypothesis that g becomes less important, accounts for a smaller proportion of the variance, at higher I.Q. levels. The mere fact of restricting the range like this also depresses the g loading compared to computing it over the test's full range, so it would be normal for these values to be lower than the test's full-range g loading.

Below 1st quartile0.27 (165)
Below median0.27 (463)
Above median0.19 (522)
Above 3rd quartile-0.16 (261)